Atomic Spectrometry Group

The Complete Publications List
  1. Frech W.
    Recent developments in atomizers for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 355 (1996) 475-486.
  2. Berglund M.
    The importance of the rollover absorbance and the Zeeman sensitivity ratio related coefficient for the accuracy in the linearization of calibration curves in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman effect background correction.
    Spectrochim. Acta 51B (1996) 429-439.
  3. Reinholdsson F., Briche C., Emteborg H., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Determination of mercury species in natural waters.
    In CANAS '95 Colloquium Analytische Atomspektroskopie, B. Welz (Ed.), Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer GmbH, Überlingen, pp 399-405 (1996).
  4. Liu J., Nordberg G.F., Frech W.
    Aluminium accumulation in some tissues of rats with compromised kidney function induced by cadmium-metallothionein.
    Pharmacol. Toxicol. 78 (1996) 289-295.
  5. Frech W., Baxter D.C., Bakke B., Snell J., Thomassen Y.
    Determination and speciation of mercury in natural gases and gas condensates.
    Anal. Commun. 33 (1996) 7H-9H.
  6. Sjögren B., Ljunggren K.G., Almkvist O., Frech W., Basun H.
    A follow-up study of five cases of aluminosis.
    Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 68 (1996) 161-164.
  7. Sjögren B., Iregren A., Frech W., Hagman M., Johansson L., Tesarz M., Wennberg A.
    Effects on the nervous system among welders exposed to aluminium and manganese.
    Occup. Environ. Med. 53 (1996) 32-40.
  8. Emteborg H., Björklund E., Ödman F., Karlsson L., Mathiasson L., Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Determination of methylmercury in sediments using supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography coupled with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry.
    Analyst 121 (1996) 19-29.
  9. Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    In Encyclopedia of Analytical Science, Academic Press, London, pp 228-236 (1995).
  10. Ohlsson K.E.A., Hieftje G.M.
    Atomization of carbon containing species in the inductively coupled plasma.
    Spectrochim. Acta 50B (1995) 1805-1822.
  11. Frech W., Baxter D.C., Dyvik B., Dybdahl B.
    Determination of total mercury in natural gases using the amalgamation technique and cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 10 (1995) 769-775.
  12. Johansson M., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Signal to noise ratios for organolead species in coupled gas chromatography - atomic absorption spectrometry using quartz tube atomizers.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 10 (1995) 711-720.
  13. Hadgu N., Ohlsson K.E.A., Frech W.
    Diffusion vapour transfer modelling for an end-capped atomizer. Part 1. Atomizer with closed injection port.
    Spectrochim. Acta 50B (1995) 1077-1093.
  14. Berglund M., Baxter D.C.
    Test of the generalized standard addition method and linearization algorithms for the direct, simultaneous, multi-element analysis of solid samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Mikrochim. Acta 119 (1995) 311-322.
  15. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Electrothermal atomic emission spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 50B (1995) 655-706.
  16. Johansson M., Berglöf T., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Supercritical fluid extraction of ionic alkyllead species from sediment and urban dust.
    Analyst 120 (1995) 755-759.
  17. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Speciation of lead in environmental and biological samples.
    Pure Appl. Chem. 67 (1995) 615-648.
  18. Berglund M.
    Towards multielement electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Ph.D. Thesis, Umeå University (1995). ISBN 91-7191-023-9.
  19. Johansson M., Emteborg H., Glad B., Reinholdsson F., Baxter D.C.
    Preliminary appraisal of a novel sampling and storage technique for the speciation analysis of lead and mercury in seawater.
    Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 351 (1995) 461-466.
  20. Emteborg H., Baxter D.C., Sharp M., Frech W.
    Evaluation, mechanism and application of solid-phase extraction using a dithiocarbamate resin for the sampling and determination of mercury species in humic-rich natural waters.
    Analyst 120 (1995) 69-77.
  21. Gunneriusson L., Baxter D., Emteborg H.
    Complexation at low concentrations of methyl and inorganic mercury(II) to a hydrous goethite (a-FeOOH) surface.
    J. Colloid Interface Sci. 169 (1995) 262-266.
  22. Sjögren B., Iregren A., Frech W., Hagman M., Johansson L., Tesarz M., Wennberg, A.
    Påverkan på nervsystemet hos svetsare exponerade för aluminium eller mangan. (The effect on the nervous system of welders exposed to aluminium or manganese.)
    Arbete och Hälsa 27 (1994). (In Swedish)
  23. Hadgu N., Frech W.
    Performance of side-heated graphite atomizers in atomic absorption spectrometry using tubes with end caps.
    Spectrochim. Acta 49B (1994) 445-457.
  24. Emteborg H., Hadgu N., Baxter D.C.
    Quality control of a recently developed analytical method for the simultaneous determination of methylmercury and inorganic mercury in environmental and biological samples.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 9 (1994) 297-302.
  25. Ohlsson K.E.A., Sturgeon R.E., Willie S.N., Luong V.T.
    Figures of merit for two-step furnace atomization plasma emission spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 8 (1993) 41-43.
  26. Ellingsen D.G., Holland R.I., Thomassen Y., Landro-Olstad M., Frech W., Kjuus H.
    Mercury and selenium in workers previously exposed to mercury vapour at a chloralkali plant.
    Brit. J. Industr. Med. 50 (1993) 745-752.
  27. Emteborg H., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Speciation of mercury in natural waters by capillary gas chromatography with a microwave-induced plasma emission detector following preconcentration using a dithiocarbamate resin microcolumn installed in a closed flow injection system.
    Analyst 118 (1993) 1007-1013.
  28. Johansson M., Berglund M., Baxter D.C.
    Improving accuracy in the quantitation of overlapping, asymmetric, chromatographic peaks by deconvolution: theory and application to coupled gas chromatography atomic absorption spectromery.
    Spectrochim. Acta 48B (1993) 1393-1409.
  29. Berglund M., Frech W., Baxter D.C., Radziuk B.
    A critical evaluation of a multielement ETAAS system using line sources and a transversely heated graphite atomizer with Zeeman effect background correction.
    Spectrochim. Acta 48B (1993) 1381-1392.
  30. Frech W., L'vov B.V.
    Matrix vapours and physical interference effects in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry - II. Side-heated tubes.
    Spectrochim. Acta 48B (1993) 1371-1379.
  31. Baxter D.C., Frech W. Coupled gas chromatography - atomic absorption spectrometry using semi-enclosed tubular atomizers: Theoretical analysis of detector performance characteristics.
    Analyst 118 (1993) 495-504.
  32. L'vov B.V., Frech W.
    Matrix vapours and physical interference effects in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry - I. End-heated tubes.
    Spectrochim. Acta 48B (1993) 425-433.
  33. Ohlsson K.E.A. An atomic and molecular absorption spectrometric study of the atomization chemistry in the graphite tube atomizer.
    Ph.D. Thesis, Umeå University (1993). ISBN 91-7174-740-0.
  34. Ohlsson K.E.A., Cedergren A., Frech W.
    AlH spike formation in a graphite atomizer.
    Spectrochim. Acta 47B (1993) 1525-1533.
  35. Iwamoto E., Ohlsson K.E.A., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Spatially resolved spectroscopic measurements of CN, C2 and Al in graphite tube electrothermal atomizers under various operating conditions.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7 (1992) 1063-1068.
  36. Ohlsson K.E.A., Iwamoto E., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Transfer of aluminium compounds and spike atomization in spatially isothermal graphite atomizer.
    Spectrochim. Acta 47B (1992) 1341-1352.
  37. Berglund M., Baxter D.C.
    Methods of calibration in the direct analysis of solid samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 47B (1992) E1567-1586.
  38. Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Aluminium.
    In Hazardous Metals in the Environment, M. Stoeppler (Ed.) Techniques and Instrumentation in Analytical Chemistry, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 12, Ch. 15, pp 451-473, (1992).
  39. Frech W., L'vov B.V., Romanova N.P.
    Condensation of matrix vapours in the gaseous phase in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 47B (1992) 1461-1469.
  40. Baxter D.C., Nichol R., Littlejohn D., Lüdke C., Skole J., Hoffmann E.
    Studies on the application of platform atomization to furnace atomic non-thermal excitation spectrometry for the simultaneous multi-element analysis of environmental materials.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7 (1992) 727-734.
  41. Baxter D.C., Nichol R., Littlejohn D.
    Evaluation of cold vapour furnace atomic non-thermal excitation spectrometry for the determination of mercury in environmental samples.
    Spectrochim. Acta 47B (1992) 1155-1163.
  42. Berglund M., Baxter D.C.
    Computer program (CHMASS) for calculating theoretical characteristic mass values in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7 (1992) 461-470.
  43. Emteborg H., Bulska E., Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Determination of total mercury in human whole blood by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry following extraction.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7 (1992) 405-408.
  44. Ohlsson K.E.A.
    Aluminium atom formation in electrothermal graphite atomizer atomic absorption spectrometry studied by in situ spectroscopic measurements of aluminium and aluminium hydride.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7 (1992) 357-363.
  45. Frech W., Li K., Berglund M., Baxter D.C.
    Effects of modifier mass and temperature gradients on analyte sensitivity in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7 (1992) 141-145.
  46. Bulska E., Emteborg H., Baxter D.C., Frech W., Ellinsen D., Thomassen Y.
    Speciation of mercury in human whole blood by capillary gas chromatography with a microwave-induced plasma emission detector system following complexometric extraction and butylation.
    Analyst 117 (1992) 657-663.
  47. Lindberg-Sandström I.
    Bestämning av selen i biologiska material med grafitugnsatomabsorptionsspektrometri. (Determination of selenium in biological material with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.)
    M.Sc. Thesis, Umeå University (1992). (In Swedish)
  48. Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Analytische Probleme bei der Bestimmung von Blei- und Quecksilberspezies in biologischen Materialien und Umweltproben.
    In 6. Colloquium Atomspektrometrische Spurenanalytisk, B. Welz (Ed.), Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer, pp. 543-555 (1991).
  49. Berglund M., Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Achieving efficient, multi-element atomisation conditions for atomic absorption spectrometry using a platform-equipped, integrated-contact furnace and a palladium modifier.
    Spectrochim. Acta 46B (1991) 1767-1777.
  50. Bulska E., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Capillary column gas chromatography for mercury speciation.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 249 (1991) 545-554.
  51. Stupar J., Frech W.,
    Ultrasonic nebulizer interface system for coupling liquid chromatography and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Chromatogr. 541 (1991) 243-255.
  52. Baxter D.C., Frech W., Berglund I.
    Use of partial least squares modelling to compensate for spectral interferences in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with continuum source background correction.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 6 (1991) 109-114.
  53. Ohlsson K.E., Frech W.
    Quantitative in situ spectroscopic measurements and thermodynamic equilibria modelling of CN and C2 in a graphite furnace.
    Spectrochim. Acta 46B (1991) 559-581.
  54. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Critical comparison of two standard digestion procedures for the determination of total mercury in natural water samples by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 236 (1990) 377-384.
  55. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    On the direct analysis of solid samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 337 (1990) 253-263.
  56. Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Temperature dependence of atomization efficiencies in graphite furnaces.
    Spectrochim. Acta 45B (1990) 867-886.
  57. Baxter D.C., Öhman J.
    Multi-component standard additions and partial least squares modelling - a multivariate calibration approach to the resolution of spectral interferences in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 45B (1990) 481-491.
  58. Redfield D., Frech W.
    Identification and effect of pre-atomisation losses on the determination of aluminium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 4 (1989) 685-690.
  59. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Determination of mercury by atomic absorption spectrometry using a platinum-lined graphite furnace for in situ preconcentration.
    Anal. Chim. Acta225 (1989) 175-183.
  60. Frech W., Arshadi M., Baxter D.C.
    Vapour-phase temperature measurements in the evaluation of platform designs for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 4 (1989) 625-629.
  61. Baxter D.C.
    Evaluation of the simplified generalised standard additions method for calibration in the direct analysis of solid samples by graphite furnace atomic spectrometric techniques.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 4 (1989) 415-421.
  62. Ohlsson K.E.A., Frech W.
    Photographic observation of molecular spectra in inverse Zeeman-effect graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 4 (1989) 379-385.
  63. Dedina J., Frech W., Lundberg E., Cedergren A.
    Atomisation of selenium hydride in the graphite furnace.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom.4 (1989) 143-148.
  64. Wennrich R., Frech W., Lundberg E.
    Spectral interferences in graphite furnace Zeeman effect atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 44B (1989) 239-246.
  65. Lundberg E., Frech W., Harnly J.M.
    Simultaneous multi-element analysis by continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry with a spatially and temporally isothermal graphite furnace.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 3 (1988) 1115-1119.
  66. Lindberg I., Lundberg E., Arkhammar P., Berggren P-O.
    Direct determination of selenium in solid biological materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 3 (1988) 497-501.
  67. Nygren O., Nilsson C-A., Frech W.
    On-line interfacing of a liquid chromatograph to a continuously heated graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer for element-specific detection.
    Anal. Chem. 60 (1988) 2204-2208.
  68. Lundberg E., Frech W., Baxter D.C., Cedergren A.
    Spatially and temporally constant-temperature graphite furnace for atomic absorption/emission spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 43B (1988) 451-457.
  69. Frech W., Baxter D.C., Lundberg E.
    Spatial and temporal non-isothermality as limiting factors for absolute analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 3 (1988) 21-25.
  70. Baxter D.C.
    Experimental and theoretical intensities for graphite furnace atomic emission spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 43B (1988) 129-139.
  71. Baxter D.C.
    Advantages of spatially isothermal graphite furnaces for atomic spectrometry.
    Ph.D. Thesis, Umeå University (1988). ISBN 91-7174-319-7.
  72. Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Solution to spatial non-isothermality in electrothermal atomic spectrometry.
    In Analytiktreffen 1986 und IX CANAS, Wissenschaftliche Beiträge der Karl-Marx-Universit&aumlt, Neubrandenburg. Band 1, pp. 47-60 (1987).
  73. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Temperature gradients as a limiting factor for absolute analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Spectrochim. Acta 42B (1987) 1005-1010.
  74. Dedina J., Frech W., Cedergren A., Lindberg I., Lundberg E.
    Determination of selenium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Part 2. Role of nickel for analyte stability.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 2 (1987) 435-439.
  75. Frech W., Baxter D.C.
    Evaluation of the solid sampling technique for the determination of aluminium in biological materials by atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry.
    Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 328 (1987) 400-404.
  76. Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Analysis of solid samples by graphite furnace atomic emission spectrometry.
    Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 328 (1987) 324-329.
  77. Dedina J., Frech W., Lindberg I., Lundberg E., Cedergren A.
    Determination of selenium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Part 1. Interaction between selenium and carbon.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 2 (1987) 287-291.
  78. Cedergren A., Frech W.
    Determination of aluminium in biological materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).
    Pure Appl. Chem. 59 (1987) 221-228.
  79. Lundberg E., Bergmark B.
    Determination of total tin in geological materials by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 188 (1986) 111-118.
  80. Lundberg E., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Grafitugnstekniken är nu väletablerad. (The graphite furnace technique is now well-established.)
    Kemisk Tidskrift nr 9 (1986) 42. (In Swedish)
  81. Frech W., Lundberg E., Cedergren A.
    Investigation of interference effects in the presence of sodium and copper chlorides using platform graphite furnace AAS.
    Can. J. Spectrosc. 30 (1986) 123-129.
  82. Frech W., Baxter D.C., Hütsch B.
    Spatially isothermal graphite furnace for atomic absorption spectrometry using side-heated cuvettes with integrated contacts.
    Anal. Chem. 58 (1986) 1973-1977.
  83. Cedergren A., Lindberg I., Lundberg E., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Investigations of reactions involved in graphite furnace atomic absorption procedures. Part 14. A study of some factors influencing the determination of selenium.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 180 (1986) 373-388.
  84. Frech W., Lindberg A.O., Lundberg E., Cedergren A.
    Atomization mechanisms and gas phase reactions in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 323 (1986) 716-725.
  85. Slanina P., Frech W., Ekström L-G., Lööf L., Slorach S., Cedergren A.
    Dietary citric acid enhances absorption of aluminium in antacids.
    Clin. Chem. 32 (1986) 539-541.
  86. Lundberg E., Baxter D.C., Frech W.
    Constant-temperature atomiser-computer controlled echelle spectrometer system for graphite furnace atomic emission spectrometry.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 1 (1986) 105-113.
  87. Baxter, D.C., Littlejohn, D., Ottaway, J.M., Fell, G.S., Halls, D.J.
    Determination of chromium in urine by probe electrothermal atomisation atomic emission spectrometry using a low-resolution monochromator.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 1 (1986) 35-39.
  88. Baxter, D.C., Duncan, I.S., Littlejohn, D., Marshall, J., Ottaway, J.M., Fell, G.S., Ataman, O.Y.
    Low-resolution monochromator system for elactrothermal atomisation atomic emission spectrometry with probe atomisation.
    J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 1 (1986) 29-33.
  89. Marshall, J., Baxter, D.C., Carroll, J., Cook, S., Corr, S.P., Giri, S.K., Durie, D., Littlejohn, D., Ottaway, J.M., Stephen, S.C., Wright, S.
    The probe furnace in atomic spectrometry.>BR> Anal. Proc. 22 (1985) 371-373.
  90. Frech W., Lundberg E., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of some methods used to reduce interference effects in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Prog. Analyt. At. Spectrosc. 8 (1985) 257-370.
  91. Slanina P., Frech W., Bernhardson Å., Cedergren A., Mattsson P.
    Influence of dietary factors on aluminium absorption and retention in the brain and bone of rats.
    Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 56 (1985) 331-336.
  92. Frech W., Ottaway J.M., Bezur L., Marshall J.
    Determination of manganese in urine by electrothermal atomic emission spectrometry.
    Can. J. Spectrosc. 30 (1985) 7-12.
  93. Baxter D.C., Frech W., Lundberg E.
    Determination of aluminium in biological materials by constant-temperature graphite furnace atomic-emission spectrometry.
    Analyst 110 (1985) 475-482.
  94. Frech W., Lundberg E., Cedergren A.
    Chemische Reaktionen im Graphitrohrofen und deren analytische Bedeutung bei der Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie.
    In Fortschritte in der atomspektrometrischen Spurenanalytik. B. Welz (Ed.) Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Band 1, pp. 49-72 (1984). (In German)
  95. Slanina P., Falkeborn Y., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Aluminium concentrations in the brain and bone of rats fed citric acid, aluminium citrate or aluminium hydroxide.
    Food Chem. Toxic. 22 (1984) 391-397.
  96. Lundberg E., Frech W., Lindberg I.
    Determination of lead in biological materials by constant-temperature electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 160 (1984) 205-215.
  97. Cedergren A., Frech W., Lundberg E.
    Estimation of oxygen pressure in graphite furnaces for atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chem. 56 (1984) 1382-1387.
  98. Siemer D.D., Lundberg E., Frech W.
    Gas phase temperatures in Massmann furnaces equipped with L'vov platforms.
    Appl. Spectrosc. 38 (1984) 389-391.
  99. Siemer D.D., Frech W.
    Improving the performance of the CRA atomizer by reducing the rate of diffusional atom loss and delaying analyte volatilization.
    Spectrochim. Acta 39B (1984) 261-269.
  100. Zhou N.G., Frech W., de Galan, L.
    On the relationship between heating rate and peak height in electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy.
    Spectrochim. Acta 39B (1984) 225-235.
  101. Frech W., Cedergren A., Lundberg E., Siemer D.D.
    Electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy - present understanding and future needs.
    Spectrochim. Acta 38B (1983) 1435-1446.
  102. Zhou N.G., Frech W., Lundberg E.
    Rapid determination of lead, bismuth, antimony and silver in steels by flame atomic absorption spectrometry combined with flow injection analysis.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 153 (1983) 23-31.
  103. Frech W., Cedergren A., Lundberg E.
    Vapour phase interference effects in electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).
    In Analytiktreffen, Wissenschaftliche Beiträge der Karl-Marx-Universit&aumlt, Neubrandenburg (1982).
  104. Persson J-Å.
    An experimental and theoretical investigation of interference effects in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with special emphasis on aluminium, phosphorus and arsenic.
    Ph.D. Thesis, Umeå University (1982). ISBN 91-7174-110-0.
  105. Frech W., Jonsson S.
    A new furnace design for constant temperature electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy.
    Spectrochim. Acta 37B (1982) 1021-1028.
  106. Frech W., Cedergren A., Cederberg C., Vessman J.
    Evaluation of some critical factors affecting determination of aluminium in blood, plasma or serum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy.
    Clin. Chem. 28 (1982) 2259-2263.
  107. Lundberg E., Bergmark B., Frech W.
    Investigations of reactions involved in electrothermal atomic absorption procedures. Part 11. A theoretical and experimental investigation of factors influencing the determination of tin.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 142 (1982) 129-142.
  108. Frech W., Zhou N.G., Lundberg E.
    A critical study of some methods used to investigate atom formation processes in GFAAS.
    Spectrochim. Acta 37B (1982) 691-702.
  109. Persson J-Å., Irgum K.
    Determination of dimethylarsinic acid in seawater in the sub-ppb range by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after preconcentration on an ion exchange column.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 138 (1982) 111-119.
  110. Frech W., Lundberg E., Barbooti M.M.
    Direct determination of trace metals in solid samples by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomizers. Part 4. Interference effects in the determination of lead and bismuth in steels.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 131 (1981) 45-52.
  111. Koreckova J., Frech W., Lundberg E., Persson J-Å., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in electrothermal atomic absorption procedures. Part 10. Factors influencing the determination of arsenic.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 130 (1981) 267-280.
  112. Lundberg E., Frech W.
    Influence of instrumental response time on interference effects in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chem. 53 (1981) 1437-1442.
  113. Cedergren A., Frech W., Lundberg E., Persson J-Å.
    Investigations of reactions involved in electrothermal atomic absorption procedures. Part 9. An atomization system with controlled atmosphere and temperature for the determination of volatile elements in complex matrices.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 128 (1981) 1-8.
  114. Ottaway J.M., Bezur L., Fakhrul-Aldeen R., Frech W., Marshall J.
    Carbon furnace atomic emission determination of trace elements in blood and urine.
    In Trace Element Analytical Chemistry in Medicine and Biology. P. Brätter and P. Schramel (Eds.). Walter de Gruyter & Co, Berlin, pp. 575-586 (1980).
  115. Frech W., Persson J-Å., Cedergren A.
    Chemical reactions in atom reservoirs used in atomic absorption spectroscopy.
    Prog. Analyt. At. Spectrosc. 3 (1980) 279-297.
  116. Persson J-Å., Frech W., Pohl G., Lundgren K.
    Determination of aluminium in wood pulp liquors using graphite furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry.
    Analyst 105 (1980) 1163-1170.
  117. Persson J-Å., Frech W.
    Investigations of reactions involved in electrothermal atomic absorption procedures. Part 8. A theoretical and experimental study of factors influencing the determination of phosphorus.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 119 (1980) 75-89.
  118. Lundberg E., de Mare J.
    Interval estimates in the spectroscopy calibration problem.
    Scand. J. Statist. 7 (1980) 40-42.
  119. Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part 7. Theoretical and experimental study of factors influencing the determination of silicon.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 113 (1980) 227-235.
  120. Lundberg E., Lundmark L.
    Automatic gas control unit for electrothermal atomizers.
    Chem. Biomed. Environ. Instrum. 9 (1979) 91-93.
  121. Lundberg E.
    Instrumental developments in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy with applications to direct determinations of trace metals in solid samples.
    Ph.D. Thesis, Umeå University (1979). ISBN 91-7174-032-5.
  122. Lundberg E., Frech W.
    Direct determination of trace metals in solid samples by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomizers. Part 3. Application of an autosampler to the determination of silver, bismuth, lead and zinc in steels.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 108 (1979) 75-85.
  123. Lundberg E., Frech W.
    Direct determination of trace metals in solid samples by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomizers. Part II. Determination of lead in steels and nickel-base alloys.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 104 (1979) 75-84.
  124. Lundberg E., Frech W.
    Direct determination of trace metals in solid samples by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomizers. Part I. Investigations of homogeneity for lead and antimony in metallurgical materials.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 104 (1979) 67-74.
  125. Lundberg E.
    Application of a versatile drift-compensating digital peak reader to the direct atomization of solids in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy.
    Appl. Spectrosc. 32 (1978) 276-281.
  126. Lundberg E.
    A simple modification of the Varian AA-6 spectrophotometer - faster response time to flameless atomizer absorption signals.
    Chem. Instrum. 8 (1978) 197-204.
  127. Frech W.
    The application of high temperature equilibrium calculations for establishing optimum procedures in flameless atomic absorption spectrometry exemplified by determinations of Pb, Sb, Bi and Al in chloride media.
    Ph.D. Thesis, Umeå University (1977).
  128. Johansson K., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part VI. A study of some factors influencing the determination of lead in sulphate matrices.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 94 (1977) 245-256.
  129. Persson J-Å., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part V. An experimental study of factors influencing the determination of aluminium.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 92 (1977) 95-104.
  130. Persson J-Å., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part IV. A theoretical study of factors influencing the determination of aluminium.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 92 (1977) 85-93.
  131. Persson J-Å., Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Determinations of aluminium in low-alloy and stainless steels by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 89 (1977) 119-126.
  132. Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part III. A study of factors influencing the determination of lead in strong sodium chloride solutions.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 88 (1977) 57-67.
  133. Lundberg E., Johansson G.
    Simultaneous determination of manganese, cobalt, and copper with a computer-controlled flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
    Anal. Chem. 48 (1976) 1922-1926.
  134. Lundgren G.
    Direct determination of cadmium in blood with a temperature-controlled heated graphite-tube atomizer.
    Talanta 23 (1976) 309-312.
  135. Frech W., Lundgren G., Lunner S-E.
    Routine use of flameless AAS for the determination of lead in high and low alloy steels.
    At. Abs. Newsletter 15 (1976) 57-60.
  136. Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part II. An experimental study of the role of hydrogen in eliminating the interference from chlorine in the determination of lead in steel.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 82 (1976) 93-102.
  137. Frech W., Cedergren A.
    Investigations of reactions involved in flameless atomic absorption procedures. Part I. Application of high-temperature equilibrium calculations to a multicomponent system with special reference to the interference from chlorides.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 82 (1976) 83-92.
  138. Frech W.
    Rapid determination of bismuth in steels by flameless atomic absorption.
    Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 275 (1975) 353-357.
  139. Frech W.
    Rapid determination of lead in steel by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chim. Acta 77 (1975) 43-52.
  140. Lundgren G., Lundmark L., Johansson G.
    Temperature controlled heating of the graphite tube atomizer in flameless atomic absorption spectrometry.
    Anal. Chem. 46 (1974) 1028-1031.
  141. Lundgren G., Johansson G.
    A temperature-controlled graphite tube furnace for the determination of trace metals in solid biological tissue.
    Talanta 21 (1974) 257-264.
  142. Frech W.
    Rapid determination of antimony in steel by flameless atomic absorption.
    Talanta 21 (1974) 565-571.
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